Inflammatory Bowel Disease – Cannabis Research

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Dashboard

71

Primary Studies

65

Related Studies

136

Total Studies

Clinical Studies

1

Clinical Meta-analyses

3

Double-blind Clinical Trials

6

Clinical Trials

Pre-Clinical Studies

22

Meta-analyses/Reviews

33

Animal Studies

6

Laboratory Studies

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CannaKeys has 136 studies associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Here is a small sampling of Inflammatory Bowel Disease studies by title:


Components of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Dashboard

  • Dosing information available for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Chemotype guidance for treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease with cannabis
  • Synopsis of cannabis research for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Individual study details for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Overview - Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Description of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Colitis is derived from the Greek words for large intestines, kolon, and -itis, the latter pertaining to diseases characterized by inflammation. As such, colitis describes inflammation of the colon.


The most common expressions are ulcerative colitis (affects the colon only) and Crohn's disease (affects the entire GI tract), both of which constitute actual inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). 


Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) differs from irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). IBD causes physically overt and measurable destruction, harm to intestines, inflammation, and may increase the risk for colon cancer, whereas IBS does not.  


Several additional types of colitis are categorized according to underlying causes, such as autoimmune colitis, ischemic colitis, allergic colitis, drug- or chemotherapy-induced colitis, and microscopic or infectious colitis (e.g., salmonella, tuberculosis). 


To date, there is no cure within the model of modern medicine for the chronic type, and treatment is limited to supportive therapies such as hydration via IV fluids, pharmaceutical intervention (e.g., antibiotics, 5-ASA, or steroids to depress the immune system), iron supplements to balance anemia or surgery.


In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.


Some progress has been reported with specific dietary regimes and microbiome-supportive supplements.

Disease Classification

Condition: IBD - Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Disease Family: Inflammatory Condition
Organ System: Digestive System
ICD-10 Chapter: Diseases of the Digestive System
ICD-10 Code: K52.3

Inflammatory Bowel Disease Symptoms:

Abdominal pain/cramps, chronic diarrhea (blood, mucus, pus), generalized weakness, weight loss, difficult BM despite urge, anemia, inflammation

Also known as:

Colonic inflammatory bowel disease unclassified, unspecified colitis, indeterminate colitis, colonic inflammatory bowel, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), colon inflammation, collagenous colon inflammation, microscopic colitis, collagenous colitis, microscopic colon inflammation, lymphocytic colitis, lymphocytic-plasmacytic colitis, indeterminate colitis, unspecified colitis, colonic inflammatory bowel disease unclassified, IBDU, eosinophilic ulcerative colitis, ulcerative colitis, UC, ulcerative colitis with fistula, unspecified ulcerative colitis with abscess, abscess of intestine due to ulcerative colitis, ulcerative colitis with abscess, ulcerative colitis without complications, acute ulcerative colitis, arthropathy and ulcerative colitis, chronic ulcerative colitis, hemolytic anemia associated with ulcerative colitis, hemolytic anemia with ulcerative colitis, mild chronic ulcerative colitis, moderate chronic ulcerative colitis, severe chronic ulcerative colitis, ulcerative colitis with arthritis, rectal hemorrhage due to ulcerative colitis, ulcerative colitis with rectal bleeding, ulcerative colitis with intestinal obstruction, intestinal obstruction due to ulcerative colitis, ulcerative colitis with obstruction, other and unspecified non-infective gastroenteritis and colitis, left-sided Colitis without complications, chronic left-sided ulcerative colitis, left-sided ulcerative colitis, left-sided colitis, eosinophilic colitis, colitis due to radiation, radiation induced colitis, radiation enteritis, radiation enterocolitis, enteritis due to radiation, radiation gastroenteritis, radiation induced enterocolitis, radiation induced gastroenteritis, the drug-induced gastroenteritis and colitis, toxic gastroenteritis and colitis, infectious gastroenteritis and colitis, infectious colitis, colitis not otherwise specified, food hypersensitivity gastroenteritis or colitis, allergic proctocolitis, amebic non-disenteric colitis, acute fulminant ischemic colitis, Subacute ischemic colitis, Clostridium difficile colitis, pseudomembranous colitis, ischemic colitis, left-sided Colitis with rectal bleeding, left-sided Colitis with intestinal obstruction, left-sided Colitis with other complications, left-sided Colitis with unspecified complications, other ulcerative colitis with rectal bleeding, other ulcerative colitis with intestinal obstruction, other ulcerative colitis with other complications, other ulcerative colitis with unspecified complications, ulcerative colitis with arthritis, arthropathy and ulcerative colitis, arthritis due to Crohn's disease, Crohn's disease with arthritis, Crohn's disease of large intestine, Crohn's disease of both small and large intestine, Crohn's disease of colon, Regional enteritis of colon, Crohn's disease of large bowel, Regional enteritis of large bowel, Crohn's disease of rectum, Regional enteritis of rectum, granulomatous colitis, Regional colitis, pyoderma gangrenosa, protozoal colitis, chronic ischemic colitis, ulcerative colitis of anus and rectum, CMV colitis, cytomegaloviral colitis, mucus colitis, abscess of intestine with ulcerative colitis, radiation proctitis, radiation colitis, allergic gastroenteritis and colitis, fistula of intestine with ulcerative colitis, allergic and dietetic gastroenteritis and colitis

Drug Interactions

THC Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs

  • Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can enhance the effects of drugs that cause sedation and depress the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol. 
  • THC is metabolized by an inhibitor of several enzymatic liver pathways referred to as cytochrome P450 (aka CYP450). There are more than 50 enzymes belonging to this enzyme family, several of which are responsible for the breakdown of common drugs such as antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, doxepin, fluvoxamine), antipsychotics (haloperidol, clozapine, Stelazine), beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol), bronchodilators (e.g., theophylline), or blood thinners (e.g., warfarin). Thus, patients taking these medication classes may find that THC increases the concentration and effects of these drugs and the impact duration.
  • Clinical observation (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggests no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 20mg THC.

If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with THC, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.

CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs

  • Cannabidiol (CBD) may alter the action of metabolic enzymes (specific drug-transport mechanisms) and alter interactions with other drugs, some of which may produce therapeutic or adverse effects. For instance, CBD interacts with the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 and cytochrome P450 2C19, increasing the bioavailability of anti-epileptic drugs such as clobazam (a benzodiazepine). This makes it possible to achieve the same results at significantly lower dosages, reducing treatment costs and risks of adverse effects. 
  • Groups of drugs affected include anti-epileptics, psychiatric drugs, and drugs affecting metabolic enzymes.
  • Clinical observations (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggest no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 100mg CBD.

If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.

THC/CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs

In general, when using cannabinoid-based therapeutics that contain both THC and CBD consider the ratio between them and weigh the relevant information displayed in the individual THC and CBD Drug Interaction windows accordingly.

If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with both primary cannabinoids and THC/CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.

Concerns about Cannabis and Cancer-related Immunotherapies:
Some recent clinical observational studies have suggested that the co-administration of cannabinoid-based therapeutics and immunotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of certain types of cancer has been associated with worse overall survival rates (T. Taha et al., 2019; A. Biedny et al., 2020; G. Bar-Sela et al., 2020).

However, other studies have suggested that the co-commitment use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cannabis-induced no such deleterious effects. More specifically, one trial was conducted on animals resulting in data suggesting that cannabis did not negatively affect the properties of immune checkpoint inhibitors (B. Waissengrin et al., 2023). The same authors compared the previous study results with findings from a cohort of 201 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who received treatment with monotherapy pembrolizumab as a first-line treatment and adjunct cannabis to treat mainly pain and loss of appetite. Their time to tumor progression was 6.1 versus 5.6 months, and overall survival differed between 54.9 versus 23.6 months in cannabis-naïve patients and cannabis-using patients, respectively. However, while numerically different, the authors write that these differences were not statistically significant, leading them to suggest that “These data provide reassurance regarding the absence of a deleterious effect of cannabis in this clinical setting.”

Dosing Considerations

THC Dosage Considerations

  • THC micro dose:  0.1 mg to 0.4 mg
  • THC low dose:  0.5 mg to 5 mg
  • THC medium dose:  6 mg to 20 mg
  • THC high dose:  21 mg to 50+ mg

CBD Dosage Considerations

  • CBD low dose:  0.4 mg to 19 mg
  • CBD medium dose: 20 mg to 99 mg
  • CBD high dose:  100 mg to 800+ mg (upper limits tested ~1,500mg)
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Disclaimer
Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the advice provided by your own licensed physician or other medical professional. You should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. If using a product, you should read carefully all product packaging. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, promptly contact your health care provider.

Information on this site is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your physician, nutritionally oriented health care practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications.