Williams Syndrome Research Dashboard
What am I missing as a non-subscriber?
To see a full dashboard with study details and filtering, go to our DEMO page.
As a subscriber, you will be able to access dashboard insights including chemotype overviews and dosing summaries for medical conditions and organ system and receptor breakdowns for cannabinoid and terpene searches. Study lists present important guidance including dosing and chemotype information with the ability to drill down to the published material. And all outputs are fully filterable, to help find just the information you need. Stay up-to-date with the science of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system with CannaKeys.
CannaKeys has 2 studies associated with Williams Syndrome.
Here is a small sampling of Williams Syndrome studies by title:
- Cannabinoid signaling modulation through JZL184 restores key phenotypes of a mouse model for Williams–Beuren syndrome
- Epileptic Phenotype and Cannabidiol Efficacy in a Williams–Beuren Syndrome Patient With Atypical Deletion: A Case Report
Components of the Williams Syndrome Research Dashboard
- Dosing information available for Williams Syndrome
- Chemotype guidance for treating Williams Syndrome with cannabis
- Synopsis of cannabis research for Williams Syndrome
- Individual study details for Williams Syndrome
Ready to become a subscriber? Go to our PRICING page.
Williams Syndrome Research Dashboard
What am I missing as a non-subscriber?
To see a full dashboard with study details and filtering, go to our DEMO page.
As a subscriber, you will be able to access dashboard insights including chemotype overviews and dosing summaries for medical conditions and organ system and receptor breakdowns for cannabinoid and terpene searches. Study lists present important guidance including dosing and chemotype information with the ability to drill down to the published material. And all outputs are fully filterable, to help find just the information you need. Stay up-to-date with the science of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system with CannaKeys.
CannaKeys has 2 studies associated with Williams Syndrome.
Here is a small sampling of Williams Syndrome studies by title:
- Cannabinoid signaling modulation through JZL184 restores key phenotypes of a mouse model for Williams–Beuren syndrome
- Epileptic Phenotype and Cannabidiol Efficacy in a Williams–Beuren Syndrome Patient With Atypical Deletion: A Case Report
Components of the Williams Syndrome Research Dashboard
- Dosing information available for Williams Syndrome
- Chemotype guidance for treating Williams Syndrome with cannabis
- Synopsis of cannabis research for Williams Syndrome
- Individual study details for Williams Syndrome
Ready to become a subscriber? Go to our PRICING page.
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Overview - Williams Syndrome
Description of Williams Syndrome
Williams Syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by the deletion of approximately 26-28 genes on chromosome 7. It is characterized by a unique combination of physical, cognitive, and behavioral features. Individuals with WS typically have mild to moderate intellectual disability, with specific challenges in visual-spatial reasoning, math, and abstract thinking. However, they often possess strong verbal skills, a high level of musicality, and a pronounced social nature, displaying an engaging, friendly, and overly trusting demeanor.
Physical features of WS include a distinctive facial appearance with wide-set eyes, a broad forehead, a short nose, and full cheeks. They may also have cardiovascular issues, such as narrowing of the arteries (particularly the supravalvular aortic stenosis), which can cause heart complications. Other common physical issues include hypercalcemia (high levels of calcium in the blood) in infancy, growth delays, and joint stiffness.
Behaviorally, individuals with WS are known for their extreme sociability, often displaying a high level of empathy and rapport with others, but they may also exhibit social anxiety, ADHD-like symptoms, and repetitive behaviors. They can sometimes have learning difficulties in structured academic settings but thrive in social interactions and arts-based activities.
Diagnosis is typically made through genetic testing, which identifies the deletion on chromosome 7. While there is no cure for WS, treatments are focused on managing symptoms. Cardiac monitoring, speech therapy, physical therapy, and behavioral interventions are often part of the management plan. Given the social and cognitive challenges associated with WS, individuals benefit from early intervention and specialized educational support.
Despite the challenges posed by the syndrome, many individuals with WS lead fulfilling lives, particularly when they receive appropriate medical care and educational support tailored to their strengths and needs.
Disease Classification
Condition: Williams SyndromeDisease Family:
Organ System: Nervous System
ICD-10 Chapter: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities
ICD-10 Code: Q93.82
Williams Syndrome Symptoms:
Signs and symptoms of WS exist on a scale: distinctive facial features (e.g., broad forehead, full cheeks, underdeveloped chin with dental problems, wide smile), developmental delays, mild to moderate intellectual disability (particularly in spatial reasoning, memory problems), strong verbal skills (e.g., outgoing), heightened social interaction (e.g., a happy disposition), and sensitivity to sounds, in more severe cases, cardiovascular issues (e.g., life-threatening overgrowth of the heart, heart murmurs)Also known as:
Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS), WSDrug Interactions
THC Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs
- Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can enhance the effects of drugs that cause sedation and depress the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol.
- THC is metabolized by an inhibitor of several enzymatic liver pathways referred to as cytochrome P450 (aka CYP450). There are more than 50 enzymes belonging to this enzyme family, several of which are responsible for the breakdown of common drugs such as antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, doxepin, fluvoxamine), antipsychotics (haloperidol, clozapine, Stelazine), beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol), bronchodilators (e.g., theophylline), or blood thinners (e.g., warfarin). Thus, patients taking these medication classes may find that THC increases the concentration and effects of these drugs and the impact duration.
- Clinical observation (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggests no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 20mg THC.
If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with THC, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.
CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs
- Cannabidiol (CBD) may alter the action of metabolic enzymes (specific drug-transport mechanisms) and alter interactions with other drugs, some of which may produce therapeutic or adverse effects. For instance, CBD interacts with the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 and cytochrome P450 2C19, increasing the bioavailability of anti-epileptic drugs such as clobazam (a benzodiazepine). This makes it possible to achieve the same results at significantly lower dosages, reducing treatment costs and risks of adverse effects.
- Groups of drugs affected include anti-epileptics, psychiatric drugs, and drugs affecting metabolic enzymes.
- Clinical observations (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggest no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 100mg CBD.
If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.
THC/CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs
In general, when using cannabinoid-based therapeutics that contain both THC and CBD consider the ratio between them and weigh the relevant information displayed in the individual THC and CBD Drug Interaction windows accordingly.
If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with both primary cannabinoids and THC/CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.
Concerns about Cannabis and Cancer-related Immunotherapies:
Some recent clinical observational studies have suggested that the co-administration of cannabinoid-based therapeutics and immunotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of certain types of cancer has been associated with worse overall survival rates (T. Taha et al., 2019; A. Biedny et al., 2020; G. Bar-Sela et al., 2020).
However, other studies have suggested that the co-commitment use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cannabis-induced no such deleterious effects. More specifically, one trial was conducted on animals resulting in data suggesting that cannabis did not negatively affect the properties of immune checkpoint inhibitors (B. Waissengrin et al., 2023). The same authors compared the previous study results with findings from a cohort of 201 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who received treatment with monotherapy pembrolizumab as a first-line treatment and adjunct cannabis to treat mainly pain and loss of appetite. Their time to tumor progression was 6.1 versus 5.6 months, and overall survival differed between 54.9 versus 23.6 months in cannabis-naïve patients and cannabis-using patients, respectively. However, while numerically different, the authors write that these differences were not statistically significant, leading them to suggest that “These data provide reassurance regarding the absence of a deleterious effect of cannabis in this clinical setting.”
Dosing Considerations
THC Dosage Considerations
- THC micro dose: 0.1 mg to 0.4 mg
- THC low dose: 0.5 mg to 5 mg
- THC medium dose: 6 mg to 20 mg
- THC high dose: 21 mg to 50+ mg
CBD Dosage Considerations
- CBD low dose: 0.4 mg to 19 mg
- CBD medium dose: 20 mg to 99 mg
- CBD high dose: 100 mg to 800+ mg (upper limits tested ~1,500mg)
Disclaimer
Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the advice provided by your own licensed physician or other medical professional. You
should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. If using a product, you should read carefully all product packaging. If you have or suspect that you have a
medical problem, promptly contact your health care provider.
Information on this site is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your physician, nutritionally oriented health care practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications.
