Corona Viral Diseases – Cannabis Research

Corona Viral Diseases Research Dashboard

95

Primary Studies

20

Related Studies

115

Total Studies

Clinical Studies

0

Clinical Meta-analyses

5

Double-blind Clinical Trials

5

Clinical Trials

Pre-Clinical Studies

56

Meta-analyses/Reviews

6

Animal Studies

23

Laboratory Studies

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CannaKeys has 115 studies associated with Corona Viral Diseases.

Here is a small sampling of Corona Viral Diseases studies by title:


Components of the Corona Viral Diseases Research Dashboard

  • Dosing information available for Corona Viral Diseases
  • Chemotype guidance for treating Corona Viral Diseases with cannabis
  • Synopsis of cannabis research for Corona Viral Diseases
  • Individual study details for Corona Viral Diseases

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Overview - Corona Viral Diseases

Description of Corona Viral Diseases

Coronaviruses are a family of hundreds of viruses that typically cause symptoms not unlike the common cold or flu. Until very recently and unlike the cold or flu corona viral infections affected only a relatively small numbers of people. All of that changed in the year 2002 with the emergence of first epidemic of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in southern China. By the time this epidemic was done the CDC reports ~8,000 patients had been infected in total with a ~10% mortality rate (no new cases since 2004). Humanities next brush with a member of the corona viral family came ten years later. This time originating in Saudi Arabia (2012) causing Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) with approximately 2,500 confirmed cases and a fatal rate of ~35% (MERS-CoV is still active). Fast forwarding to the next outbreak brings us to 2019 when news of a novel and mysterious respiratory illness reaches us from Wuhan, China. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the strain of coronavirus that caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). To the surprise and shock the global population this outbreak grew rapidly from an epidemic to a global pandemic. By December, 2020 the global count of corona virus cases was estimated to have surpassed 67 million people with an estimated 1.5 million fatalities (~2.2%). Corona viruses can be transmitted by zoonotic means that is they can be transmitted between animals and humans. The vectors for transmission are posited to be bats (considered primary viral reservoirs), camel (or dromedary), with other animals (e.g. masked palm civets ) acting as possible intermediaries. Patients who contract COVID-19 do not all get sick in the same way or with the same intensity of symptoms, which range from mild, moderate, or severe to fatal, depending on the resilience or constitution of the affected person. The CDC suggest that—based on the, better-understood member of the corona viral family, i.e., the 2012 appearance of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Related Coronavirus, MERS-CoV—symptoms are likely to appear between 2 and 14 days after exposure (typically via airborne droplets). This estimate was fine-tuned by the most recent study from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (2020) which discovered that the median incubation period for COVID-19 of was approximately 5 days.

Disease Classification

Condition: COVID-19
Disease Family:
Organ System: Respiratory System
ICD-10 Chapter: Certain Infectious and Parasitical Diseases
ICD-10 Code: U07.1

Corona Viral Diseases Symptoms:

Symptoms, can range from mild, moderate, or severe to fatal, depending on the resilience or constitution of the affected person. According to the CDC, the most common symptoms of COVID-19 are fever, dry cough, and shortness of breath. The World Health Organization (WHO) lists as most common symptoms (in descending order): fever, weakness (tiredness, fatigue), dry cough. The WHO also lists less commonly reported symptoms such as shortness of breath, aches and pains (i.e., bone, joint, muscle pains, headaches), sore throat, with a minority of patients reporting nasal congestion, nausea, and diarrhea.

Also known as:

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), COVID-19, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Coronoa Virus, SARS, MERS

Drug Interactions

THC Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs

  • Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can enhance the effects of drugs that cause sedation and depress the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol. 
  • THC is metabolized by an inhibitor of several enzymatic liver pathways referred to as cytochrome P450 (aka CYP450). There are more than 50 enzymes belonging to this enzyme family, several of which are responsible for the breakdown of common drugs such as antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, doxepin, fluvoxamine), antipsychotics (haloperidol, clozapine, Stelazine), beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol), bronchodilators (e.g., theophylline), or blood thinners (e.g., warfarin). Thus, patients taking these medication classes may find that THC increases the concentration and effects of these drugs and the impact duration.
  • Clinical observation (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggests no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 20mg THC.

If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with THC, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.

CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs

  • Cannabidiol (CBD) may alter the action of metabolic enzymes (specific drug-transport mechanisms) and alter interactions with other drugs, some of which may produce therapeutic or adverse effects. For instance, CBD interacts with the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 and cytochrome P450 2C19, increasing the bioavailability of anti-epileptic drugs such as clobazam (a benzodiazepine). This makes it possible to achieve the same results at significantly lower dosages, reducing treatment costs and risks of adverse effects. 
  • Groups of drugs affected include anti-epileptics, psychiatric drugs, and drugs affecting metabolic enzymes.
  • Clinical observations (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggest no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 100mg CBD.

If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.

THC/CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs

In general, when using cannabinoid-based therapeutics that contain both THC and CBD consider the ratio between them and weigh the relevant information displayed in the individual THC and CBD Drug Interaction windows accordingly.

If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with both primary cannabinoids and THC/CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.

Concerns about Cannabis and Cancer-related Immunotherapies:
Some recent clinical observational studies have suggested that the co-administration of cannabinoid-based therapeutics and immunotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of certain types of cancer has been associated with worse overall survival rates (T. Taha et al., 2019; A. Biedny et al., 2020; G. Bar-Sela et al., 2020).

However, other studies have suggested that the co-commitment use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cannabis-induced no such deleterious effects. More specifically, one trial was conducted on animals resulting in data suggesting that cannabis did not negatively affect the properties of immune checkpoint inhibitors (B. Waissengrin et al., 2023). The same authors compared the previous study results with findings from a cohort of 201 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who received treatment with monotherapy pembrolizumab as a first-line treatment and adjunct cannabis to treat mainly pain and loss of appetite. Their time to tumor progression was 6.1 versus 5.6 months, and overall survival differed between 54.9 versus 23.6 months in cannabis-naïve patients and cannabis-using patients, respectively. However, while numerically different, the authors write that these differences were not statistically significant, leading them to suggest that “These data provide reassurance regarding the absence of a deleterious effect of cannabis in this clinical setting.”

Dosing Considerations

THC Dosage Considerations

  • THC micro dose:  0.1 mg to 0.4 mg
  • THC low dose:  0.5 mg to 5 mg
  • THC medium dose:  6 mg to 20 mg
  • THC high dose:  21 mg to 50+ mg

CBD Dosage Considerations

  • CBD low dose:  0.4 mg to 19 mg
  • CBD medium dose: 20 mg to 99 mg
  • CBD high dose:  100 mg to 800+ mg (upper limits tested ~1,500mg)
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Disclaimer
Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the advice provided by your own licensed physician or other medical professional. You should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. If using a product, you should read carefully all product packaging. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, promptly contact your health care provider.

Information on this site is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your physician, nutritionally oriented health care practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications.