Leishmaniasis Research Dashboard
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As a subscriber, you will be able to access dashboard insights including chemotype overviews and dosing summaries for medical conditions and organ system and receptor breakdowns for cannabinoid and terpene searches. Study lists present important guidance including dosing and chemotype information with the ability to drill down to the published material. And all outputs are fully filterable, to help find just the information you need. Stay up-to-date with the science of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system with CannaKeys.
CannaKeys has 13 studies associated with Leishmaniasis.
Here is a small sampling of Leishmaniasis studies by title:
- Effectiveness of the sesquiterpene (-)-α-bisabolol in dogs with naturally acquired canine leishmaniosis: an exploratory clinical trial
- Chemical and Bioinformatics Analyses of the Anti-Leishmanial and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Hemp Essential Oil
- Limonene-carvacrol: A combination of monoterpenes with enhanced antileishmanial activity
- Chemical Characterization and Trypanocidal, Leishmanicidal and Cytotoxicity Potential of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) Essential Oil.
- Isolation and Characterization of New Cannabis Constituents from a High Potency Variety
Components of the Leishmaniasis Research Dashboard
- Dosing information available for Leishmaniasis
- Chemotype guidance for treating Leishmaniasis with cannabis
- Synopsis of cannabis research for Leishmaniasis
- Individual study details for Leishmaniasis
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Overview - Leishmaniasis
Description of Leishmaniasis
Leishmaniasis is a parasitical infection spread by sandflies. It is a significant health problem worldwide, especially in Europe, Africa, Asia, and Latin America. Hundreds of millions of people and animals in nearly 100 tropical, subtropical, and Southern European countries are at risk.
Occasional occurrences in the U.S. have been reported from the southern states of Texas and Oklahoma. It is estimated that more than 10 million people are currently suffering from the disease, and new infection rates are in the 2 million range annually. Making the situation worse, global warming trends have led to the spread of sandfly territory.
The disease appears in three distinct forms.
- Cutaneous leishmaniasis causes open skin sores at the bite site, which may spread.
- The mucocutaneous form forms ulcers on mucus membranes such as the mouth, nose, or throat.
- The worst form, visceral leishmaniasis, affects internal organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow.
The second and third forms can be life-threatening and fatal. Around 70,000 deaths per year are attributed to leishmaniasis. The gold standard of diagnosis is a histopathologic examination of tissue samples.
Pharmaceutical treatment of infected humans relies on pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B, azole therapies, or pentamidine which are expensive and carry the risk of severe adverse reactions. In addition, the protozoal parasites are quickly developing a resistance to these drugs.
Disease Classification
Condition: LeishmaniasisDisease Family: Infectious Disease (Parasite)
Organ System: Integumentary System
ICD-10 Chapter: Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases
ICD-10 Code: B55
Leishmaniasis Symptoms:
Open skin sores, mouth ulcers, painful affected areas, painless nodules, enlarged spleen and liver, swollen lymphs, fever, anemia. Visceral disease may cause more severe symptoms such as splenomegaly, hypergammaglobulinemia, and pancytopenia.Also known as:
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous LeishmaniasisDrug Interactions
THC Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs
- Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can enhance the effects of drugs that cause sedation and depress the central nervous system, such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and alcohol.
- THC is metabolized by an inhibitor of several enzymatic liver pathways referred to as cytochrome P450 (aka CYP450). There are more than 50 enzymes belonging to this enzyme family, several of which are responsible for the breakdown of common drugs such as antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, doxepin, fluvoxamine), antipsychotics (haloperidol, clozapine, Stelazine), beta-blockers (e.g., propranolol), bronchodilators (e.g., theophylline), or blood thinners (e.g., warfarin). Thus, patients taking these medication classes may find that THC increases the concentration and effects of these drugs and the impact duration.
- Clinical observation (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggests no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 20mg THC.
If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with THC, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.
CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs
- Cannabidiol (CBD) may alter the action of metabolic enzymes (specific drug-transport mechanisms) and alter interactions with other drugs, some of which may produce therapeutic or adverse effects. For instance, CBD interacts with the enzyme cytochrome P450 3A4 and cytochrome P450 2C19, increasing the bioavailability of anti-epileptic drugs such as clobazam (a benzodiazepine). This makes it possible to achieve the same results at significantly lower dosages, reducing treatment costs and risks of adverse effects.
- Groups of drugs affected include anti-epileptics, psychiatric drugs, and drugs affecting metabolic enzymes.
- Clinical observations (not yet confirmed by clinical trials) suggest no likely interactions with other pharmaceuticals at a total daily dose of up to 100mg CBD.
If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.
THC/CBD Interaction with Pharmaceutical Drugs
In general, when using cannabinoid-based therapeutics that contain both THC and CBD consider the ratio between them and weigh the relevant information displayed in the individual THC and CBD Drug Interaction windows accordingly.
If you are interested in the interaction potential of specific pharmaceuticals with both primary cannabinoids and THC/CBD, consider visiting these free drug interaction checkers: Drugs.com or DrugBank Online.
Concerns about Cannabis and Cancer-related Immunotherapies:
Some recent clinical observational studies have suggested that the co-administration of cannabinoid-based therapeutics and immunotherapy or immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of certain types of cancer has been associated with worse overall survival rates (T. Taha et al., 2019; A. Biedny et al., 2020; G. Bar-Sela et al., 2020).
However, other studies have suggested that the co-commitment use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and cannabis-induced no such deleterious effects. More specifically, one trial was conducted on animals resulting in data suggesting that cannabis did not negatively affect the properties of immune checkpoint inhibitors (B. Waissengrin et al., 2023). The same authors compared the previous study results with findings from a cohort of 201 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer who received treatment with monotherapy pembrolizumab as a first-line treatment and adjunct cannabis to treat mainly pain and loss of appetite. Their time to tumor progression was 6.1 versus 5.6 months, and overall survival differed between 54.9 versus 23.6 months in cannabis-naïve patients and cannabis-using patients, respectively. However, while numerically different, the authors write that these differences were not statistically significant, leading them to suggest that “These data provide reassurance regarding the absence of a deleterious effect of cannabis in this clinical setting.”
Dosing Considerations
THC Dosage Considerations
- THC micro dose: 0.1 mg to 0.4 mg
- THC low dose: 0.5 mg to 5 mg
- THC medium dose: 6 mg to 20 mg
- THC high dose: 21 mg to 50+ mg
CBD Dosage Considerations
- CBD low dose: 0.4 mg to 19 mg
- CBD medium dose: 20 mg to 99 mg
- CBD high dose: 100 mg to 800+ mg (upper limits tested ~1,500mg)
Disclaimer
Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the advice provided by your own licensed physician or other medical professional. You
should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. If using a product, you should read carefully all product packaging. If you have or suspect that you have a
medical problem, promptly contact your health care provider.
Information on this site is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your physician, nutritionally oriented health care practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications.
