PRIMARY STUDY

Medical Lexicon, A Dictionary of Medical Science, by Robley Dunglison M.D., 1874. Page, 413.

Key Findings:  Robley Dunglison's Medical Lexicon: A Dictionary of Medical Science (1874) writes: “Gonorrhea of every kind, attended with any inflammatory symptoms, is best treated by the antiphlogistic regimen; avoiding every kind of irritation, and keeping the body cool by small doses of salts, and the urine diluted by the mildest fluids. After the inflammatory symptoms have subsided, cubebs, or the balsam of copaiba, exhibited in the doses of a teaspoonful three times a day, will be found effectual: indeed, during the existence of the inflammatory symptoms, it often affords decided relief. Injections are rarely required."

Note that both cubebs (Piper cubeba) a pepper spice from Indonesia and balsam of copaiba (native to the amazon) contain an abundant amount of beta-caryophelle (a CB2 activation terpene also found in cannabis with strong anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-oxidant properties to name a few, which may hold relevance to this patient population).