Beta-Caryophyllene – Terpenes and Cannabinoid Research

ß-Caryophyllene Research Dashboard

171

Primary Studies

31

Related Studies

202

Total Studies

Clinical Studies

0

Clinical Meta-analyses

6

Double-blind Clinical Trials

2

Clinical Trials

Pre-Clinical Studies

28

Meta-analyses/Reviews

80

Animal Studies

55

Laboratory Studies

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171 PRIMARY STUDIES | 202 TOTAL STUDIES

Identifying a suspect powder as a cannabis concentrate through chemical analysis and DNA testing

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2023

Anticancer effect of terpenes: focus on malignant melanoma

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2023

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated-dose pilot study of the safety, tolerability, and preliminary effects of a cannabidiol (CBD)- and cannabigerol (CBG)-based beverage powder to support recovery from delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2023

β-Caryophyllene promotes oxidative stress and apoptosis in KB cells through activation of mitochondrial-mediated pathway - An in-vitro and in-silico study

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Protective antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of β-caryophyllene against sulfasalazine-induced nephrotoxicity in rat

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist and L-arginine combination attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats via NF-ĸβ inhibition

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Potential use for chronic pain: Poly(Ethylene Glycol)-Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) nanoparticles enhance the effects of Cannabis-Based terpenes on calcium influx in TRPV1-Expressing cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Essential oil of Piper purusanum C.DC (Piperaceae) and its main sesquiterpenes: biodefensives against malaria and dengue vectors, without lethal effect on non-target aquatic fauna

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Viphyllin TM, a Standardized Black Pepper Seed Extract Exerts Antinociceptive Effects in Murine Pain Models via Activation of Cannabinoid Receptor CB2, Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Alpha and TRPV1 Ion Channels

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Beta-caryophyllene attenuates short-term recurrent seizure activity and blood-brain-barrier breakdown after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in rats

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, β-caryophyllene, CAS Registry Number 87-44-5

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic properties of Origanum vulgare essential oil, rich with β-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene oxide

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

The Food Additive β-Caryophyllene Exerts Its Neuroprotective Effects Through the JAK2-STAT3-BACE1 Pathway

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Beta-Caryophyllene Mediated by the Involvement of TRPV1, BDNF and trkB in the Rat Cerebral Cortex after Hypoperfusion/Reperfusion

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Combination of 1,8-cineole and beta-caryophyllene synergistically reverses cardiac hypertrophy in isoprenaline-induced mice and H9c2 cells

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Anti-neuropathic pain mechanistic study of A. conyzoides essential oil, Precocene II, Caryophyllene, or Longifolene as single agent and in combination with pregabalin

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Non-psychotropic Cannabis sativa L. phytocomplex modulates microglial inflammatory response through CB2 receptors-, endocannabinoids-, and NF-κB-mediated signaling

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Anti-cancer potential of cannabis terpenes in a Taxol-resistant model of breast cancer

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Cannabis sativa Extract Induces Apoptosis in Human Pancreatic 3D Cancer Models: Importance of Major Antioxidant Molecules Present Therein

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Potential protective effect of beta-caryophyllene against cadmium chloride-induced damage to the male reproductive system in mouse

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

β-Caryophyllene suppresses ferroptosis induced by cerebral ischemia reperfusion via activation of the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MCAO/R rats

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Beta-caryophyllene prevents the defects in trabecular bone caused by Vitamin D deficiency through pathways instated by increased expression of klotho

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Involvement of the cannabinoid system in chronic inflammatory intestinal diseases: opportunities for new therapies

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Terpene-Enriched CBD oil for treating autism-derived symptoms unresponsive to pure CBD: Case report

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

The effect of β-caryophyllene on food addiction and its related behaviors: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2022

Enhanced Oral Bioavailability of β-Caryophyllene in Healthy Subjects Using the VESIsorb® Formulation Technology, a Novel Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System (SEDDS)

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2022

Different Cytotoxic Effects of Vetiver Oil on Three Types of Cancer Cells, Mainly Targeting CNR2 on TNBC

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Role of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes in the Entourage Effect of Felina 32 Hemp Inflorescence Phytocomplex in Triple Negative MDA-MB-468 Breast Cancer Cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Antinociceptive and chondroprotective effects of prolonged β-caryophyllene treatment in the animal model of osteoarthritis: Focus on tolerance development

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Cannabis terpenes display variable protective and anti-aggregatory actions against neurotoxic β amyloid in vitro: highlighting the protective bioactivity of α-bisabolol in motorneuronal-like NSC-34 cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Beta-caryophyllene as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and re-epithelialization activities in a rat skin wound excision model

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Fighting the storm: could novel anti-TNFα and anti-IL-6 C. sativa cultivars tame cytokine storm in COVID-19?

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene exerts protective antioxidant effects through the activation of NQO1 in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

The antimicrobial effect behind Cannabis sativa

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

In vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory activity evaluation of Lebanese Cannabis sativa L. ssp. indica (Lam.)

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Effects of Cannabidiol and Beta-Caryophyllene Alone or in Combination in a Mouse Model of Permanent Ischemia

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

A focused review on CB2 receptor-selective pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential of β-caryophyllene, a dietary cannabinoid

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Chemical and Bioinformatics Analyses of the Anti-Leishmanial and Anti-Oxidant Activities of Hemp Essential Oil

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

In Vitro Evaluation of the Activity of Terpenes and Cannabidiol against Human Coronavirus E229

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Grinding and Fractionation during Distillation Alter Hemp Essential Oil Profile and Its Antimicrobial Activity

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene, A Natural Dietary CB2 Receptor Selective Cannabinoid can be a Candidate to Target the Trinity of Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation in COVID-19

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Beta-Caryophyllene Exhibits Anti-Proliferative Effects through Apoptosis Induction and Cell Cycle Modulation in Multiple Myeloma Cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Beta-caryophyllene inhibits cocaine addiction-related behavior by activation of PPARα and PPARγ: repurposing a FDA-approved food additive for cocaine use disorder

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-caryophyllene, an FDA-Approved Food Additive, Inhibits Methamphetamine-Taking and Methamphetamine-Seeking Behaviors Possibly via CB2 and Non-CB2 Receptor Mechanisms

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene ameliorates the Mycoplasmal pneumonia through the inhibition of NF-κB signal transduction in mice

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Anticonvulsant, Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Properties of the β-caryophyllene in Swiss Mice: Involvement of Benzodiazepine-GABAAergic, Serotonergic and Nitrergic Systems

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Beta-Caryophyllene, a CB2R Selective Agonist, Protects Against Cognitive Impairment Caused by Neuro-inflammation and Not in Dementia Due to Ageing Induced by Mitochondrial Dysfunction

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Improvement of Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction by β-Caryophyllene: A Focus on the Nervous System

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

β-caryophyllene ameliorated obesity-associated airway hyperresponsiveness through some non-conventional targets

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Angiogenesis in Colorectal Cancer Models

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene Ameliorates MSU-Induced Gouty Arthritis and Inflammation Through Inhibiting NLRP3 and NF-κB Signal Pathway: In Silico and In Vivo

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Therapeutic effects of β-caryophyllene on proliferative disorders and inflammation of the gerbil prostate

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene from Chilli Pepper Inhibits the Proliferation of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells by Affecting miR-659-3p-Targeted Sphingosine Kinase 1 (SphK1)

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury via inhibition of the MAPK signalling pathway

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene, a natural bicyclic sesquiterpene attenuates β-adrenergic agonist-induced myocardial injury in a cannabinoid receptor-2 dependent and independent manner

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Caryophyllene Oxide, the Active Compound Isolated from Leaves of Hymenaea courbaril L. (Fabaceae) with Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects on PC-3 Androgen-Independent Prostate Cancer Cell Line

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene inhibits Fas- receptor and caspase-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway and endothelial dysfunction in experimental myocardial infarction

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Preclinical investigation of β-caryophyllene as a therapeutic agent in an experimental murine model of Dravet syndrome

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene may attenuate hyperoxaluria-induced kidney dysfunction in rats by regulating stress marker KIM-1/MCP-1 and NF-κB signaling pathway

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

β-Caryophyllene induces apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation by deregulation of STAT-3/mTOR/AKT signaling in human bladder cancer cells: An in vitro study

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Therapeutic potential of beta-caryophyllene against aflatoxin B1-Induced liver toxicity: biochemical and molecular insights in rats

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Plant-Derived Trans-β-Caryophyllene Boosts Glucose Metabolism and ATP Synthesis in Skeletal Muscle Cells through Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Stimulation

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Differentially expressed genes induced by β-caryophyllene in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

A standardized black pepper seed extract containing β-caryophyllene improves cognitive function in scopolamine-induced amnesia model mice via regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and MAPK proteins

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Evaluation of the terpenes β-caryophyllene, α-terpineol, and γ-terpinene in the mouse chronic constriction injury model of neuropathic pain: possible cannabinoid receptor involvement

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

In Vitro Effects of Low Doses of β-Caryophyllene, Ascorbic Acid and d-Glucosamine on Human Chondrocyte Viability and Inflammation

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Antidiabetic Potential of Naturally Occurring Sesquiterpenes: A Review

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

In silico identification of compounds from Nigella sativa seed oil as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 targets

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Analgesic Potential of Terpenes Derived from Cannabis sativa

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Antinociceptive Activity of Compounds from the Aqueous Extract of Melampodium divaricatum

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Natural Products with Potential for Nonhormonal Male Contraception

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Computational insight into the protective mechanism of Allium iranicum Wendelbo. Alliaceae in a mouse model of Staphylococcosis: focus on dietary phytocannabinoid trans-caryophyllene

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Myrtenal and β-caryophyllene oxide screened from Liquidambaris Fructus suppress NLRP3 inflammasome components in rheumatoid arthritis

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Essential Oil from the Leaves of Chromolaena odorata, and Sesquiterpene Caryophyllene Oxide Induce Sedative Activity in Mice

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Terpenoids Commonly Found in Cannabis sativa Do Not Modulate the Actions of Phytocannabinoids or Endocannabinoids on TRPA1 and TRPV1 Channels

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Identification of Chemotypic Markers in Three Chemotype Categories of Cannabis Using Secondary Metabolites Profiled in Inflorescences, Leaves, Stem Bark, and Roots

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Differential Interactions of Selected Phytocannabinoids with Human CYP2D6 Polymorphisms

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Anticonvulsant activity of β-caryophyllene in association with pregabalin in a seizure model in rats

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Effect of β-Caryophyllene on insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of high fat diet and fructose-induced type-2 diabetic rats

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Distribution of inhaled volatile β-caryophyllene and dynamic changes of liver metabolites in mice

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2021

Targeting the endocannabinoid system for management of HIV-associated neuropathic pain: A systematic review

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Healing of a Chronic Pressure Injury in a Patient Treated With Medical Cannabis for Pain and Sleep Improvement: A Case Report

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Healing activity of hydrogel containing nanoemulsified β-caryophyllene

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2020

Terpenoids, Cannabimimetic Ligands, beyond the Cannabis Plant

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

Terpenoids From Cannabis Do Not Mediate an Entourage Effect by Acting at Cannabinoid Receptors

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2020

Plant Natural Sources of the Endocannabinoid ( E)-β-Caryophyllene: A Systematic Quantitative Analysis of Published Literature

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

Antidepressant-like effects of β-caryophyllene on restraint plus stress-induced depression

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2020

Therapeutic Potential of β-Caryophyllene: A Dietary Cannabinoid in Diabetes and Associated Complications

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

Protective Effects of ( E)-β-Caryophyllene (BCP) in Chronic Inflammation

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

Olfactory Exposure to β-Caryophyllene Increases Testosterone Levels in Women's Saliva

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of β-caryophyllene on Bacillus cereus

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2020

Beta-Caryophyllene Suppresses Ovarian Cancer Proliferation by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2020

β-caryophyllene alleviates cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury in mice by activating autophagy

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2020

β-Caryophyllene, a dietary terpenoid, inhibits nicotine taking and nicotine seeking in rodents

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2020

β-caryophyllene improves sexual performance via modulation of crucial enzymes relevant to erectile dysfunction in rats

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2020

Topical cannabis‐based medicines – A novel paradigm and treatment for non‐uremic calciphylaxis leg ulcers: An open label trial

Type of Study: Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2020

The Cannabis Terpenes

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

Terpenes/Terpenoids in Cannabis: Are They Important?

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2020

β-Caryophyllene nanoparticles design and development: Controlled drug delivery of cannabinoid CB2 agonist as a strategic tool towards neurodegeneration

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2020

A new treatment paradigm for sickle cell disease leg ulcers: Topical cannabis-based medicines

Type of Study: Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2020

Inhibitory Effects of β-Caryophyllene on Helicobacter pylori Infection In Vitro and In Vivo

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2020

β-Caryophyllene, a CB2-Receptor-Selective Phytocannabinoid, Suppresses Mechanical Allodynia in a Mouse Model of Antiretroviral-Induced Neuropathic Pain

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2019

Excito-repellent Activity of β-Caryophyllene Oxide Against Aedes Aegypti and Anopheles Minimus

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2019

Anticonvulsant Essential Oils and Their Relationship with Oxidative Stress in Epilepsy

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2019

Inhibitory Effects of β-Caryophyllene on Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Randomized Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2019

Potential of Cannabinoid Receptor Ligands as Treatment for Substance Use Disorders

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2019

Beta-caryophyllene enhances wound healing through multiple routes

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2019

β-Caryophyllene as a Potential Protective Agent Against Myocardial Injury: The Role of Toll-Like Receptors

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2019

β-caryophyllene, a dietary phytocannabinoid attenuates oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and prevents structural alterations of the myocardium against doxorubicin-induced acute cardiotoxicity in rats: An in vitro and in vivo study

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2019

Efficacy of β-caryophyllene for periodontal disease related factors

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2019

The cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist, β-caryophyllene, improves working memory and reduces circulating levels of specific proinflammatory cytokines in aged male mice

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2019

Betacaryophyllene – A phytocannabinoid as potential therapeutic modality for human sepsis?

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2018

Induction of programmed cell death in Trypanosoma cruzi by Lippia alba essential oils and their major and synergistic terpenes (citral, limonene and caryophyllene oxide).

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Monoamine Involvement in the Antidepressant-Like Effect of β-Caryophyllene.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Pharmacological characterization of the cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist, β-caryophyllene on seizure models in mice.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Inhibitory effects of β-caryophyllene on Streptococcus mutans biofilm.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Ethnopharmacology of Love.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2018

Synergistic Interaction of β-Caryophyllene With Aromadendrene Oxide 2 and Phytol Induces Apoptosis on Skin Epidermoid Cancer Cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Hypocholesterolemic effect of β-caryophyllene in rats fed cholesterol and fat enriched diet.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Acute administration of beta-caryophyllene prevents endocannabinoid system activation during transient common carotid artery occlusion and reperfusion.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Cannabis sativa L. and Nonpsychoactive Cannabinoids: Their Chemistry and Role against Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Cancer

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2018

β-Caryophyllene (BCP) ameliorates MPP+ induced cytotoxicity.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2018

The protective effects of β-caryophyllene on LPS-induced primary microglia M1/M2 imbalance: A mechanistic evaluation.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2018

The Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Terpenoids from Cannabis

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2018

Beta-caryophyllene Protects Against Alcoholic Steatohepatitis By Attenuating Inflammation And Metabolic Dysregulation In Mice

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Inhibitory Effect Of Trans-caryophyllene (TC) On Leukocyte-endothelial Attachment

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Neuroprotective Effect of β-Caryophyllene on Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Regulation of Necroptotic Neuronal Death and Inflammation: In Vivo and in Vitro

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2017

The cannabinoid beta-caryophyllene (BCP) induces neuritogenesis in PC12 cells by a cannabinoid-receptor-independent mechanism.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of β-Caryophyllene Alcohol in Rats and Beagle Dogs

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Chemical Composition, Antibacterial Activity, and Synergistic Effects with Conventional Antibiotics and Nitric Oxide Production Inhibitory Activity of Essential Oil from Geophila repens (L.) I.M. Johnst

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Chemosensitizing Properties of β-Caryophyllene and β-Caryophyllene Oxide in Combination with Doxorubicin in Human Cancer Cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2017

β-Caryophyllene, a CB2 Receptor-Selective Phytocannabinoid, Suppresses Motor Paralysis and Neuroinflammation in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Neuroprotective Effects of β-Caryophyllene against Dopaminergic Neuron Injury in a Murine Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Induced by MPTP.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2017

The Effects of Selected Sesquiterpenes from Myrica rubra Essential Oil on the Efficacy of Doxorubicin in Sensitive and Resistant Cancer Cell Lines

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Chemical Characterization and Trypanocidal, Leishmanicidal and Cytotoxicity Potential of Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) Essential Oil.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2016

β-Caryophyllene attenuates palmitate-induced lipid accumulation through AMPK signaling by activating CB2 receptor in human HepG2 hepatocytes.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2016

Use of β-caryophyllene to combat bacterial dental plaque formation in dogs

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2016

The cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist β-caryophyllene modulates the inflammatory reaction induced by Mycobacterium bovis BCG by inhibiting neutrophil migration.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2016

Cannabinoid Type 2 (CB2) Receptors Activation Protects against Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Associated Dopaminergic Neurodegeneration in Rotenone Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2016

β‐caryophyllene and β‐caryophyllene oxide—natural compounds of anticancer and analgesic properties.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2016

β-caryophyllene, a dietary cannabinoid, complexed with β-cyclodextrin produced anti-hyperalgesic effect involving the inhibition of Fos expression in superficial dorsal horn

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2016

Anticonvulsant activity of β-caryophyllene against pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2016

Physicochemical characterization and analgesic effect of inclusion complexes of essential oil from Hyptis pectinata L. Poit leaves with β-cyclodextrin.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2015

The Anticancer, Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Properties Of The Sesquiterpene β-Caryophyllene From The Essential Oil Of Aquilaria Crassna

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2015

β-Caryophyllene potently inhibits solid tumor growth and lymph node metastasis of B16F10 melanoma cells in high-fat diet-induced obese C57BL/6N mice.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2015

Anticancer activity of Cinnamon tamala leaf constituents towards human ovarian cancer cells.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2015

Beta caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide, isolated from Aegle marmelos, as the potent anti-inflammatory agents against lymphoma and neuroblastoma cells.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2014

A role for trans-caryophyllene in the moderation of insulin secretion.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2014

β-Caryophyllene ameliorates the Alzheimer-like phenotype in APP/PS1 Mice through CB2 receptor activation and the PPARγ pathway.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2014

β-Caryophyllene, A CB2 Receptor Agonist Produces Multiple Behavioral Changes Relevant To Anxiety And Depression In Mice

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2014

Trans-β-Caryophyllene: An Effective Antileishmanial Compound Found in Commercial Copaiba Oil (Copaifera spp.)

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2013

Composition and in vitro anticancer activities of the leaf essential oil of Neolitsea variabillima from Taiwan.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2013

Involvement of peripheral cannabinoid and opioid receptors in β-caryophyllene-induced antinociception.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2013

Synergistic Effect of Lupenone and Caryophyllene Oxide against Trypanosoma cruzi.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2013

β-caryophyllene ameliorates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in a cannabinoid 2 receptor-dependent manner.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2013

Activation of cannabinoid CB2 receptor-mediated AMPK/CREB pathway reduces cerebral ischemic injury.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2013

Chemical and biological analyses of the essential oils and main constituents of Piper species.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2012

Pain relief assessment by aromatic essential oil massage on outpatients with primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2012

Screening for Antiviral Activities of Isolated Compounds from Essential Oils

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2011

β-Caryophyllene Inhibits Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis in Mice through CB2 Receptor Activation and PPARγ Pathway.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2011

b-Caryophyllene oxide inhibits growth and induces apoptosis through the suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 pathways and ROS-mediated MAPKs activation.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2011

Beta-caryophyllene Is A Dietary Cannabinoid

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2008

Antiproliferative effects of essential oils and their major constituents in human renal adenocarcinoma and amelanotic melanoma cells.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2008

Antimutagenic and mutagenic activities of some terpenes in the bacterial reverse mutation assay

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2008

Potentiating Effect Of Beta-caryophyllene On Anticancer Activity Of Alpha-humulene, Isocaryophyllene And Paclitaxel

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2007

Antiproliferative activity of essential oils derived from plants belonging to the Magnoliophyta division.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2006

Use of caryophyllene oxide as an antifungal agent in an in vitro experimental model of onychomycosis.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 1999

Gastric cytoprotection of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory sesquiterpene, beta-caryophyllene.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 1996

Inhalation Of Vapor From Black Pepper Extract Reduces Smoking Withdrawal Symptoms

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 1994

J. L. Milton, M.D., (1884). On the Pathology and Treatment of Gonorrhœa. New York: W. Wood & Co.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 1884

Medical Lexicon, A Dictionary of Medical Science, by Robley Dunglison M.D., 1874. Page, 413.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 1874

31 RELATED STUDIES | 202 TOTAL STUDIES

Anti- Salmonella and Antibiofilm Potency of Salvia officinalis L. Essential Oil against Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Cannabis vaping: existing and emerging modalities, chemistry, and pulmonary toxicology

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Antimicrobial, Multidrug Resistance Reversal and Biofilm Formation Inhibitory Effect of Origanum majorana Extracts, Essential Oil and Monoterpenes

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution and Anticholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of the Essential Oil of Diplosthephium juniperinum

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Lichen Simplex Chronicus Successfully Treated with Topical Cannabinoid Oil: A Case Report and Summary of Cannabinoids in Dermatology

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Opioid-sparing effect of cannabinoids for analgesia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical and clinical studies

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

The Medicinal Natural Products of Cannabis sativa Linn.: A Review

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Sebaceous immunobiology - skin homeostasis, pathophysiology, coordination of innate immunity and inflammatory response and disease associations

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Essential oils as anticancer agents: Potential role in malignancies, drug delivery mechanisms, and immune system enhancement

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

The chemical composition of ethanolic extracts from six genotypes of medical cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) and their selective cytotoxic activity

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2022

Cannabidiol as a personalized treatment for anxiety: clinical cases in Mexico

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2022

Characterization of chemotype-dependent terpenoids profile in cannabis by headspace gas-chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2021

A review on the traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.)

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Anti-Inflammatory and Pro-Autophagy Effects of the Cannabinoid Receptor CB2R: Possibility of Modulation in Type 1 Diabetes

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Cannabis and Autoimmunity: Possible Mechanisms of Action

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2021

Sesquiterpenes α-Humulene and β-Caryophyllene Oxide Enhance the Efficacy of 5-fluorouracil and Oxaliplatin in Colon Cancer Cells

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2019

Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the “C(ut)annabinoid” System

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2019

The Endocannabinoid System of Animals

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2019

Traditional Uses of Cannabinoids and New Perspectives in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2018

Cannabis Therapeutics and the Future of Neurology

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2018

Patterns of medicinal cannabis use, strain analysis, and substitution effect among patients with migraine, headache, arthritis, and chronic pain in a medicinal cannabis cohort

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2018

Cannabis Essential Oil: A Preliminary Study for the Evaluation of the Brain Effects

Type of Study: Double Blind Clinical Trial

Year of Pub: 2018

Manipulation of the Endocannabinoid System in Colitis: A Comprehensive Review.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2017

Terpene Synthases From Cannabis Sativa

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 2017

Opioid-Sparing Effect of Cannabinoids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2017

Targeting Cannabinoid Signaling in the Immune System: “High”-ly Exciting Questions, Possibilities, and Challenges.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2017

The emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in the pathogenesis and treatment of kidney diseases.

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2015

Camphene, a Plant-Derived Monoterpene, Reduces Plasma Cholesterol and Triglycerides in Hyperlipidemic Rats Independently of HMG-CoA Reductase Activity.

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2011

Anticonvulsant and anxiolytic evaluation of leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, a culinary herb

Type of Study: Animal Study

Year of Pub: 2010

Cannabinoids, Endocannabinoids, and Related Analogs in Inflammation

Type of Study: Meta-analysis

Year of Pub: 2009

Composition and antimalarial activity in vitro of the essential oil of Tetradenia riparia.

Type of Study: Laboratory Study

Year of Pub: 1997

Overview - ß-Caryophyllene

What is ß-Caryophyllene?

Beta-caryophyllene is a sesquiterpene that binds with CB2, TRPV1, and PPAR-γ receptor sites.


Depending on the concentration, its scent is spicy and peppery, with a solid warm, woody aroma and an undertone of citrus.


It is common for beta-caryophyllene to be the predominant terpene in cannabis, especially after decarboxylation.


Beta-caryophyllene becomes caryophyllene oxide (analgesic, anticancer, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory) when oxidized.


Beta-caryophyllene may be gastroprotective, analgesic, anticarcinogenic, antifungal, antibacterial, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antioxidant, anxiolytic, analgesic, anti-epileptic, and neuroprotective.


Is Beta_caryophyllene safe?


Beta-caryophyllene is a colorless and slightly oily liquid approved by the FDA as a food additive for human consumption (FDA PART 172). In concentrated forms, it may be a skin irritant or allergen.

Other Names

IUPAC Name: (1R,4E,9S)-4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylidenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene


Source–PubChem

Scent Description

Black pepper, cloves, hops, cinnamon.

Natural Sources

Black pepper, clove oil, grains of paradise, basil, Sri Lankan cinnamon, caraway

Cannabis Strains High in ß-Caryophyllene

Caryodiol, Kashmir Blue, Tickle Kush, SFV OG, Super Lemon Haze, Sherbert Breath, Lemon Skunk, Afghan Kush, Blue Cheese, Chocolope, CBD Skunk Haze, Mazar, Think Fast, Xtreme, White Widow, Frisian Dew, Purple No. 1, Durban Poison, Sugar Bomb Punch, Lemon Kix, Glueberry OG, Blue Berry, Black Berry Kush, Purple Kush, CBD Charlotte’s Angel, Snow Bud, Kerosene Krash, Meringue, Hifi 4G, Bubba Island Kush

ß-Caryophyllene Properties and Effects

Beta-caryophyllene is associated with the following properties and effects:



  1. Anti-microbial

    1. Anti-fungal (against onychomycosis) (D. Yang et al., 2000)



  2. Gastro-protective (in cases of dyspepsia) (Hyun Ik Shim et al., 2019)

  3. Wound healing agent (L. Gushiken et al., 2022)


Selective CB2 receptor agonist without psychoactivity (via low-efficacy or “weak” binding of CB2, with more binding occurring at high nanomolar or micromolar doses)


Antidepressant, anxiolytic, stress-reducing (via CB2 signaling, serotonergic, GABAergic modulation, and nitrergic systems)


Immune-modulation, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant (via CB2 receptor activation, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), activation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 kinases, inhibit the toll-like receptor CD-14/TLR4/MD2 axis, increasing levels of IL-10 and GPx while decreasing levels of pro-inflammatory molecules, including TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, NF-κB, TGF-β, and KIM-1 in addition to other markers of oxidative stress and inflammation)


Neuroprotective (spasms, seizures, epilepsy, MS); may help reduce brain damage in models of ischemic stroke and cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury; may protect from Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, and Vascular Dementia in preclinical models (via CB2 receptor activity, involvement of benzodiazepine-GABAAergic, serotonergic and nitrergic systems, rescuing neurons, inducing neuritogenesis, inhibiting microglial activation, diminished axonal demyelination and modulated Th1/Treg immune balance through the activation of CB2 receptor, NF-κB-mediated signaling, reducing reactive oxygen species, protecting against blood-brain-barrier breakdown, decreasing the release of proinflammatory cytokines, regulation of TRPV1 and the BDNF-trkB system, suppressing ferroptosis by activation of the NRF2/HO-1 signaling pathway, protects dopaminergic neurons by partially inducing antioxidant effects via NQO1 activation, elevating acetylcholinesterase and catalase levels, lowered lipid peroxidation, and antagonizing Aβ’s neurotoxicity via inhibition of JAK2-STAT3-BACE1 signaling pathway)


May protect against binge drinking or chronic alcohol consumption-induced alcoholic steatohepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and steatosis (via attenuating oxidative stress, vascular inflammation, and hepatic metabolic pathways by activating CB2, relieving liver stress caused by hypercholesterolemia, reduces voluntary alcohol intake and conditioned place preference in mice)


Analgesic effects in cases of inflammatory pain, neuropathic pain, osteoarthritis, acid burns, and inflammation; may hamper OA cartilage degeneration without producing tolerance for the analgesic effects (via CB2 receptors, TRPV1 ion channels and opioid receptor activation, in addition to anti-inflammatory mechanisms)


Gastroprotective may be beneficial in cases of colitis, and IBD (via dual activation of CB2 and PPAR-γ pathways, leading to attenuation of gut inflammatory cells and markers in mice)


It may be protective against type-2 diabetes and diabetic cardiomyopathy, including attenuating oxidative stress and improving cardiac functions. In addition, it may modulate insulin secretion and reduce hyperglycemia.


Combining 1,8-cineole and β-caryophyllene synergistically reverses cardiac hypertrophy in isoprenaline-induced H9c2 cells and mice.


Mice treated with beta-caryophyllene and L-arginine had significantly normalized hemodynamic parameters and decreased glucose, cardiac markers, IL-6, and TNF-α levels.


β-caryophyllene significantly lowered serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and the atherogenic index and significantly increased high-density lipoprotein levels in mice (via scavenging ROS, leading to deactivation of HMG-CoA reductase and inhibition of endogenous cholesterol synthesis, attenuating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion mediated by Arf6, inhibition of NF-ĸβ, improving oxidative stress, inflammation, glycemia, and dyslipidemia by CB2/PPAR-γ, inhibiting vascular inflammation, adhesion molecules and restoring vascular eNOS/iNOS, modulating endothelial dysfunction via inhibition of IRF-1 and VCAM-1, and regulating PTGS2, TNF, IL-6, AKT1, NOS2, CAT, and P13K-AKT)


Anti-bacterial effects in tuberculosis, leprosy, Staphylococcus aureus, S. mutans, MRSA, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, H. pylori, and M. pneumoniae.


It might be beneficial during the hyper-inflammatory phase of sepsis (via potential alteration in bacterial membrane permeability, inhibiting NF-κB signal transduction in mice, CB2 activation, inhibiting biofilm formation, and other possible antibacterial mechanisms yet to be explored further)


Anti-fungal (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) may protect against fungal skin infections (via anti-dermatophyte activity comparable to ciclopiroxolamine and sulconazole)


It may have anti-cancer properties and anti-proliferative effects in kidney, colon, pancreatic, melanoma, multiple myeloma, lymphoma, triple-negative breast cancer cells (via CB2 receptor activation, downregulating the cell cycle, and inhibiting NF-ҡ B, MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR/S6K1 and STAT3 pathways to suppress cell proliferation and enhance apoptosis)


May produce a synergistic/organ-protective effect with specific chemotherapy agents (e.g., Paclitaxel, Cisplatin); May mitigate Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy and prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity (via suppressing p38 MAPK/NF-kB stimulation and cytokine production, mitigating inflammation, oxidative/nitrosative stress, apoptosis, and enhancing the efficacy of some chemotherapeutics such as Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin)


Last reviewed by Dr. Abraham Benavides, M.D., 06-23-2022

ß-Caryophyllene Receptor Binding

Endocannabinoid System (ECS) and Beta-caryophyllene:



  1. CB2 (agonist) (H. Hashiesh et al., 2021)


Endocannabinoidome (eCBome) and Beta-caryophyllene:

Disclaimer
Information on this site is provided for informational purposes only and is not meant to substitute for the advice provided by your own licensed physician or other medical professional. You should not use the information contained herein for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease. If using a product, you should read carefully all product packaging. If you have or suspect that you have a medical problem, promptly contact your health care provider.

Information on this site is based on scientific studies (human, animal, or in vitro), clinical experience, or traditional usage as cited in each article. The results reported may not necessarily occur in all individuals. For many of the conditions discussed, treatment with prescription or over-the-counter medication is also available. Consult your physician, nutritionally oriented health care practitioner, and/or pharmacist for any health problem and before using any supplements or before making any changes in prescribed medications.